Studies highlighted by Dr Summia suggest a correlation between duration of oral contraceptive use and cervical cancer risk
Taking birth control pills for more than five years and having more children are linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer – the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, leading medical experts in Abu Dhabi have said.
Dr Summia Zaher, consultant in obstetrics and gynecology and medical director at Danat Al Emarat M42 Hospital in Abu Dhabi, provided a crucial insight into the hormonal link with cervical cancer and emphasized the importance of preventive measures and regular check-ups.
Highlighting the effect of oral contraceptives on the hormonal link with cervical cancer, Dr Summia said: “Naturally occurring estrogen and progesterone produced by the ovaries stimulate the growth of some cancers, including cervical cancer.
Synthetic versions of these hormones, such as birth control pills, can increase the risk of cancer and alter the susceptibility of cervical cells to persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which is closely linked to cervical cancer.”
A study pointed out by Dr. Summia, suggest a correlation between duration of oral contraceptive use and cervical cancer risk.
“Women who have been using contraception for five years or more have a higher risk, with those who have been using contraception for 10 years or more significantly doubling the risk. Importantly, once women stop using oral contraceptives, their risk of cervical cancer gradually decreases over time,” Dr Summia told Khaleej Times.
In connection with the impact of childbirth on the risk of cervical cancer, Dr. Summia noted that women with multiple children may face a higher risk due to increased exposure to HPV infection and hormonal changes during pregnancy. The timing of pregnancy also plays a role, with those who have their first full-term pregnancy before the age of 20 having a higher risk.
In addition to hormonal factors and childbirth, Dr. Summia highlighted other risk factors for cervical cancer, including family history, smoking, dietary habits and economic status. Limited access to health services, including screenings and vaccinations, may contribute to higher risks for lower-income women.
HOW TO REDUCE YOUR RISK: Regular screening tests are important because they can detect changes in cervical cells before they become cancerous. If abnormalities are found in screening tests, prompt follow-up with increased surveillance is essential.
Dr. Shweta Narang, medical director and director of clinical operations at the M42 National Reference Laboratory, emphasized the critical role of accurate screening methods for early detection. Since HPV infection is a major contributor to cervical cancer, the primary screening method involves a combination of Pap tests and HPV screening.
