ISLAMABAD: While the outcome of COP28 is being criticized, there is no good or bad
COP for climate; what is important is applying the Win-Win mindset which is crucial for effective climate
change negotiations, said Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, SDPI. He was speaking at seminar
titled “SDPI’s Response To COP28:From Consensus To Realization” organized by SDPI here today.
He said that the commitment to transition away from fossil fuels is a yet welcome decision and hoped that
the government of Azerbaijan will follow the footsteps of UAE government and will continue to build this
momentum on fossil fuel transition ultimately leading to fossil fuel phase out. He said that this decision
will open new avenues for investment, technology development, global stock take and greater global
cooperation. He said that world governments mobilized US$30 Trillion to combat COVID19; same spirit is
needed to combat the climate pandemic too. Following individual personal interests might enable
countries to become climate smart but will not last long and only Win-Win approach can be effective in
the long-run.
Ambassador of Azerbaijan to Pakistan, Mr. Khazar Farhadov addressing the session said that climate action
cannot move forward without economic development which underlines key role of private sector in
driving economic growth. This calls for the governments to develop policies in consultation with the
private sector. Shedding light on the impact of conflicts on the environment, he said that Azerbaijan aims
for a clean environment realizing the grave environmental impact of conflicts experienced by Azerbaijan.
He informed that government of Azerbaijan has termed 2024 “Green World Solidarity Year” and plans to
increase the share of renewable energy by 30% and inhibit greenhouse gas inhibition to 35% by 2040 and
40% by 2050. He stressed that the country is ambitious to deliver on its national climate commitments
and aims to strengthen multi-lateral partnerships and global cooperation which is also evident from the
plans to export 4GW of renewable energy to Europe through Black Sea.
Ambassador Shafqat Kakakhel, Chairperson of BOG SDPI, said that COP28 succeeded in operationalizing
Loss and Damage Fund, and a total of US$800 million was pledged by countries as the baseline. COP28
also recognized that global community had not delivered in any area including mitigation, adaptation,
adoption of science and technology, and weak partnerships but the decision to transition away from fossil
fuels is a big success. He stressed that COP-29 will have to deal with new quantified financial goals and
must use the US$100 billion as the baseline and the ceiling must be escalated with more financial
assistance flowing from developed to developing countries for effective and sustainable climate action.
Dr Shafqat Munir, Deputy Executive Director, Policy Outreach, SDPI said that financing for adaptation and
disaster risk reduction cannot continue in silos anymore. He said that the outcome of COP depends on
what negotiators want and not what academia, developing countries’ experts suggest in a political
economy context. He highlighted that while US$700-800million have been committed for climate loss and
damage fund, realistically developing countries require US$290-580billion dollars. This huge gap can be
bridged through adequate increase in global funding and nationally generated resources.
Syed Qasim Shah, Deputy Executive Director, SDPI said that 36% emissions arise from dairy sector alone,
and delivering on the Global Methane Pledge without an elaborately designed plan is not possible. A
critical reality is that 40% population in Pakistan is insecure and 12% is severely insecure and small farmers
are already financially burdened with adopting new technologies to adapt to climate change. He stressed
that technology transfer and global financial cooperation remain in this aspect.
Dr Khalid Waleed, Research Fellow SDPI, said that in terms of diversity and inclusivity the COP28 can be
regarded as a brilliant success. However, in context of transitioning away from fossil fuels met with mixed
responses. He suggested that Pakistan should consider signing the Hydrogen pledge as Pakistan’s IGCEP
2023, VRE share will be more than triple by 2030 and National Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Authority is also working on Energy efficiency measures as well. These pledges will enhance the capacity
and bring more investment in Pakistan.
Zainab Naeem, Associate Research Fellow stressed on developing the mechanism for funds transfer and
pressure to meet conditionalities must be alleviated considering developing countries GHG share and
financial constraints. She urged the public sector needs to present a comprehensive roadmap for the
private sector to increase the flow of investments.
